This is a polka or morris dance tune from England. The girl may refer to a ship's figurehead and blue dress to the sea. There is a sea shanty with the same name, but different tune. However, the phrase "girl with a blue dress on" is also documented in an African-American muledriver's song, and the meaning is not certain.
Ref: https://tunearch.org/wiki/Annotation:Girl_with_the_Blue_Dress_On_(1)_(The)
Ref: https://thesession.org/tunes/5762
: | GD | G | D | G | |
GD | G | D | G | : | |
: | G | C | D | G | |
G | C | D | G | : |